What are rail pads and their function and classifications?

The rail pad is an elastic polyurethane mat. They are interposed between steel rails and railway sleepers. It protects the sleeper top from wearing and impacting.

The starting stiffness of a rail pad is designed to not be high so that their relative deformation under the spring clip toe loads is greatly substantial. In this way, it can guarantee the rail pad maintains close contact with the rail despite any vertical movements of the latter. In addition, the reason why rail pads are made up of rubber or plastic is to dampen the shocks of vibration of a passing train.

Rail pad functions

A rail rubber pad is essential in reducing shock and vibration in a rail system. The pad function is :
1. Load distribution over a larger surface
2. Elimination of load concentration and the resultant fatigue stresses
3. Centering of loads on the supporting element
4. Absorption of uneven contact surfaces between rail and support
5. Reduction of noise and vibration
6. Sealing between the bottom of the rail and the top of the support
7. Reduction of wear of the rail and its support
Rail pads classifications for E-type rail fastening systems

Rail rubber pads used for E-type rail fastening systems are similar functions to the rail insulators to insulate the rail above it from the tie sleepers lying below it, for effective protection against vibration and structure-borne noise as well. The rail pad works together with e-clips, rail insulators/insulated gauge blocks, and rail shoulders/embedded parts to form a whole set of E-type rail fastening systems.
Rail pads classifications for SKL rail fastening systems

A rail pad in an SKL rail fastening system is a small but crucial fastener part, working together with SKL clips, screw spikes, plastic dowels, guide plates, and so on. The elastic rail pads we produce possess a defined stiffness and demonstrably increase the elasticity of the track superstructure. With a higher level of elasticity, it contributes to the quiet running of the rolling stock, to meet today’s acoustic requirements on railway lines.

Crane rail pads are used for the crane rail system. it is divided into continuous pads and individual pads.

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